The advent of super-computers in the 1980s actually brought about the detailed study of these ‘Non-linear’ equations and this gave birth to the fields of ‘Chaos and Order’[27] and ‘Fractals’.[28] The western scientists and mathematicians saw that in real-world problems there was no absolute size. As you scaled the solutions, that is looked at bigger or smaller sizes the same forms and designs kept repeating themselves. There was symmetry within symmetry endlessly. Chaos Theory and Fractals are today being applied to just about every subject ranging from economics, share prices to study of heart beats. The list is endless.

Mishraji sums this up in a paragraph Sub-titled ‘From Linear Time to the Spiral of Time’[29] in his chapter on –‘The Space-Time Continuum’ (quote) –“The ancient Indian concept of time as described in the texts begins with its linear state, then moves on to the view of time as vertical spirals of circles. The circle becomes larger at each successive level in the spiral, subsuming the previous circle. As we move from the base of the spiral to the successive higher circles, we are called upon to widen our comprehension.”